General

Engine oils are considered to be one of the construction parts of cars. So, their design and formulations influence the engine’s lifetime and performance in separate engine models because the quality of oil influences some major operational properties.  

The statement goes like this: the development of engine oil should be closely connected with the development of engines and their operational properties.

These changes are necessary for having an unstoppable engine output and also for the extension of service and maintenance intervals. 

The presence of diesel oil additives helps support the intervals and changes of oil in automobiles. This represents a relevant and considerable advantage for car owners due to decreasing operational costs. 

Role of Additives in Engine Oil Performance

The best oil additives for diesel engines are important for keeping the engine clean and running well. 

Dispersants stop dangerous deposits from forming, and detergents stop sludge and deposits from building up. 

Anti-wear agents make a layer of protection that lowers friction and wear. Friction modifiers improve fuel economy and keep engine parts safe. 

Antioxidants stop the breakdown of oil and the creation of dangerous acids. Corrosion inhibitors keep metal parts from rusting and breaking down. viscosity index Improvers keep the viscosity of the oil constant across temperatures. 

Pour point depressants make sure that the oil flows properly during starting, and anti-foaming agents stop the foam from forming, which can get in the way of lubrication. 

Engine oil formulations use a specific mix of additives to meet the needs of different engines and working conditions. This helps the engine last longer and run more efficiently.

Economic and Operational Benefits of Extended Service Intervals

Additives in engine oil can reduce the current cost and filters by one-half. But there comes another factor that can’t be neglected, which is saving time. When extending the service intervals, the time spent on performing services and the car’s downtime are reduced.   

The intervals within the oil change also have a positive influence on the economic efficiency of cars, their lifetime, and users’ mobility. However, this is conditioned by oil quality, which can be maintained with the use of additives. These chemicals are proof that oil offers high-quality properties for engines to run in any situation, from difficult to different conditions. 

Industry Practices in Oil Analysis and Wear Prevention

There is a general practice besides the oil intervals and the quality of the oil, and that is transportation companies analyze the oil filling on a regular basis. But they pay main attetion to the presence of the metals in oil and its stability of oil. 

Some companies go through the details and tests when there are signs of uncommon operations arising and in case of a faulty engine run. 

We know that engines and all friction surfaces are made of certain metals, such as iron alloys, aluminum, and copper. Some engine parts and surfaces are covered with a thick layer of oil to increase their friction properties and anti-corrosive resistance. 

The oil with higher viscosity creates a thicker layer than oil with low viscosity. So the metal surfaces do not contact with each other unless there are irregularities or roughness in them. 

Boundary Friction and Wear Indicators

The metal surfaces are forced to each other through external loads, and a layer of oil can be pushed out in that case. This situation is called boundary friction. If two surfaces are in movement, there is a simple risk of their common scraping and extracting of microscopic metal particles.  

These particles are consequently transferred to the oil and determine the engine’s working condition and degree of friction. However, both surfaces can be maintained with additives in the oil that stick together on surfaces. 

Engine wear and potential failures can be predicted by monitoring specific diagnostic indicators. One such indicator is the presence of metal particles within the engine oil. This offers insights into the engine’s internal condition. However, an equally crucial factor lies in the stability of the oil’s viscosity across different temperatures. Viscosity, a measure of a liquid’s fluidity, significantly impacts engine performance.

Viscosity Standards and Considerations

Oils with lower viscosity are more fluid, which means they move more easily and have less internal resistance. In contrast, oils with a higher viscosity, which are also called “thicker” oils, are less likely to move. The oiled parts inside the engine move more slowly because of this higher resistance.

According to industry norms, engine oils can have a viscosity difference of up to 20%. At first, this standard was set for big diesel engines. Gasoline engines, on the other hand, can handle a wider range, particularly when it comes to lower viscosity values. The part of this comes from the fact that newer oil formulas are less stable when sheared. As a result, a total drop in viscosity of up to 30% is thought to be fine for gasoline engines.

Impact of Viscosity and Industry Research on Additive Efficacy

It’s important to remember that too little viscosity, which could be caused by a broken pumping system or water in the fuel, can cause the oil layer to become too thin. This thinning makes it harder for the oil to protect and lubricate the engine parts properly, which raises the risk of damage and wear.

Many studies have been conducted in the lubricant industry. The goal of the studies was to find out if adding additives to engine oil could improve its performance and make it last longer. To do this, a set of experiments were carried out with the use of three different approaches, which are explained in more detail. 

Experimental Methodology

A comparison of new, unused engine oil and used oil was done as the first step in the experiment in another study. The study was done to see if additives could really bring used oil back to life. After that, the researchers checked the dynamic viscosity of the new oil, the used oil, and a mix of the used oil and additives at different temperatures. The purpose of this test was to see how the additives affected the oil’s viscosity, which is a very important factor that affects how well the engine runs and stays lubricated.

When the experts did these tests, they wanted to learn more about the possible benefits of adding additives to engine oil. The results could help people come up with ways to make oil last longer and work better, which would improve engine economy and maintenance procedures in the long run.

Oil Analysis and Potential for Additive Treatment

The study shows the oil’s water content used in diesel engine oil had only a mild to moderate amount of degradation. Aluminum, chromium, copper, and iron amounts that are higher than normal are fine for this type of engine. However, the higher sodium levels and a positive water test result point to the possibility that cooling fluid is leaking into the oil.

Experiments with spectrometry show that the used diesel engine oil can still be treated with additives to make it last longer. This conclusion comes from the fact that the number of friction particles is within the acceptable ranges set by previous research.

Furthermore, these results show that adding diesel engine oil additives to used engine oil might be able to make it last longer, which could be good for the environment and save money. The data shows how important it is to keep an eye on oil conditions and how additives might be able to stop wear and tear, which makes engines run better and last longer.

Particle Analysis In the Oil and Wear Assessment

One important part of figuring out how worn an engine is keeping an eye on the particles in the oil. When different engine parts rub against each other, friction happens. This causes additives of different sizes and shapes to be made based on the type of wear mechanism. According to research, normal wear usually creates particles that are less than 5 micrometers in size. But when both the size and number of these bits go up, it means that engine wear has begun.

A 1 ml sample of leftover oil was analyzed and found to have 39,500 particles in it. Most of the time, these particles are caused by the lubricant substances in the oil and not by metal particles that form from friction. A similar sample of used oil, on the other hand, had a much higher particle count of 98,600. 

Based on the results of this experiment, the sample of used oil does not have an excessive amount of big metallic particles. Based on this finding, it looks like the oil can still be treated with additives to make it last longer. Additionally, adding additives to the oil can improve its quality, which can reduce wear and tear and extend the engine’s useful life.